Title
Obviously the first thing that anyone s going to read is the title. Since most papers are now online a clear title helps them to be picked up in search engines. Ideally this should be kept to the minimum number of words necessary to convey the required information, in this case the topic of research.
A good way to do this is to pose the title in the form of a question.
You shouldn't include chemical formulae, for example Glucose should be used rather than C6H12O6, or any abbreviations.
A good idea is to include key words of the project, including the organism/molecule studied and where this study was carried out.
Abstract
The abstract could be likened to the blurb of a book, it contains key information that allows the reader to decide whether they would like to read the entire works. But, unlike a blurb, it contains the conclusions and results in addition to methods and aims...and all this in approximately 200 words. This, like the title, is important in allowing other readers and scientists to find the paper in a search engine or data base and allows them to see whether it is worthwhile them reading the study in full if it is relevant to their own research.
The 6 main topics that should be included in an abstract are:
1. Aims, Hypotheses and Objectives - what question where you trying to answer and what was the overall purpose of the study?
2. Introduction and Background -Where was the study carried out and under what conditions? It may be useful to give the reader some background knowledge to give the project some context.
3. Methods- How did you measure your variables? What equipment did you use? What statistical tests did you perform? Briefly outline the methodology.
4. Key Results- Which results supported your original hypotheses, state the overall trends and differences.
5. Firm Conclusions- Briefly summarize your conclusions and findings
6. Context- what are the implications of your results and what's next?
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